Most cooler guides are written for offshore boats hauling tuna. A freshwater trip is smaller. You need to keep a few drinks cold, a lunch dry, and maybe a limit of crappie or walleye firm until you get home. That points at a cooler between 17 and 54 quarts that fits where you actually fish: the tank well of a kayak, the floor of a jon boat, or the walk from the truck to the bank. This page ranks eight that do, from Engel, YETI, RTIC, Igloo, Coleman, Pelican and Buffalo Gear.
The top pick is the Engel UC19, because it is the one hard cooler here built around fishing. It is a 19 quart drybox with four rod holders molded on the sides, a gasket that Engel lists as air-tight and leak-proof, and a shoulder strap in the box. It holds ice for up to two days by Engel's own figure, which covers any day trip. The rotomolded YETI Tundra 45 and RTIC 20 quart hold ice longer and take far more abuse, but they cost more and the YETI weighs 23 lb empty before you add a thing. Buy rotomolded if you camp for a weekend or fish from a boat in summer heat. For a day on the water, the drybox is plenty.
Tom has not fished with these coolers. They are ranked from each Amazon listing's specs and the ratings Amazon buyers left. The ice-retention numbers quoted here come from the makers, and every maker tests a different way (YETI and Engel both assume a 2:1 ratio of ice to contents), so treat them as a rough order, not a promise. One listing disagrees with itself: Buffalo Gear's title says its fish bag keeps ice for 48 hours while its bullets say more than 24, so this page quotes neither. Check the current price on Amazon.